Glucosinolates, Ca, Se Contents, and Bioaccessibility in Brassica rapa Vegetables Obtained by Organic and Conventional Cropping Systems

In northwest Spain and Portugal, there is a long tradition of cultivating B. rapa subsp. rapa to obtain turnip greens and turnip tops. Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa (turnip greens and turnip tops) were grown under conventional and organic conditions in two Farms in southern Spain. Glucosinolatescontents were higher in Brassicas grown under conventional conditions than those grown under organic ones. Average Ca total and bioaccessible contents ranged between 14.6–23.4 mg/g; 8.9–12.0 mg/g for turnip greens and 6.4–8.9 mg/g; 4.3–4.8 mg/g for turnip tops. According to these concentrations, an intake of 100–200 g (fresh weight) of the studied Brassica rapa fulfills Ca dietary reference intakes (DRI) (considering the total content data) and complies with 72–100% Ca DRI percentage (considering the bioaccessible data). Se concentrations ranged between 0.061–0.073 µg/g and 0.039–0.053 µg/g for turnip greens and turnip tops respectively. Se bioaccessibility values were high, with percentages of around 90%. Finally, the total glucosinolate content ranged between 13.23–21.28 µmol/g for turnip greens and 13.36–20.20 µmol/g for turnip tops. In general, the bioaccessibility of the total glucosinolates analyzed in this study was high, with mean values of around 73% and 66% for turnip greens and turnip tops, respectively. Brassica rapa vegetables grown under both organic and conventional conditions in southern Spain are an excellent dietary source of Ca, Se, and glucosinolates with a high bioaccessibility

Aceite de semilla de mostaza etíope con alto contenido en ácido oleico

Referencia OEPM: P9902552.-- Fecha de solicitud: 19/11/1999.-- Titular: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).Aceite de semilla de mostaza etíope con alto contenido en ácido oleico. La presente invención se refiere a un aceite de semilla de mostaza etíope (nombre científico Brassica carinata A.Braun) carente de ácido erúcico (menos de 2% en peso respecto al contenido total en ácidos grasos del aceite) y con un contenido en ácido oleico entre el 60% y el 80% en peso del total de ácidos grasos. Este tipo de aceite no es producido en la naturaleza por plantas de mostaza etíope y ha sido obtenido mediante un procedimiento biotecnológico. El aceite es muy estable frente a la oxidación y las altas temperaturas, lo que hace que sea especialmente indicado en alimentación humana y también en la industria de aceites lubricantes.Peer reviewe

Comparative Effects of Organic and Conventional Cropping Systems on Trace Elements Contents in Vegetable Brassicaceae: Risk Assessment

Genotypes selected from 3 plant species (Brassica rapa, Eruca vesicaria and Sinapis alba) belonging to the Brassicaceae family were chosen to compare the concentrations of 9 inorganic elements (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Pb and Zn) in these varieties, that were grown under both conventional and organic conditions during two agricultural seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020) on two different experimental farms (Farm I and Farm II). We found that, together with agriculture practices, the inorganic element concentrations in Brassicas depended on many other factors, including soil characteristics. However, there were no conclusive results indicating a lower heavy metal content or a higher nutritionally beneficial trace elements content in vegetables grown under organic agriculture. Finally, a probabilistic assessment (@Risk) derived from the consumption of 150–200 g of these vegetables showed that organic Brassicas fulfill in comparison with the conventional ones, similar Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) percentages for Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn. Regarding heavy metals (Cd, Ni and Pb), we only found slight differences (mainly in the case of Pb) in the Tolerable Intakes (TI) between both cropping systems

Analysis of the Acid Detergent Fibre Content in Turnip Greens and Turnip Tops (Brassica rapa L. Subsp. rapa) by Means of Near-Infrared Reflectance

Standard wet chemistry analytical techniques currently used to determine plant fibre constituents are costly, time-consuming and destructive. In this paper the potential of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to analyse the contents of acid detergent fibre (ADF) in turnip greens and turnip tops has been assessed. Three calibration equations were developed: in the equation without mathematical treatment the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.91, in the first-derivative treatment equation R2 = 0.95 and in the second-derivative treatment R2 = 0.96. The estimation accuracy was based on RPD (the ratio between the standard deviation and the standard error of validation) and RER (the ratio between the range of ADF of the validation as a whole and the standard error of prediction) of the external validation. RPD and RER values were of 2.75 and 9.00 for the treatment without derivative, 3.41 and 11.79 with first-derivative, and 3.10 and 11.03 with second-derivative. With the acid detergent residue spectrum the wavelengths were identified and associated with the ADF contained in the sample. The results showed a great potential of NIRS for predicting ADF content in turnip greens and turnip tops

Ensayo comparativo de tres especies del género <i>Brassica</i> con potencial para la producción de biocombustibles en Córdoba, Argentina

El aumento del consumo de hidrocarburos, incrementó la demanda de biodisel, por ser una fuente de energía renovable y no contaminante. Su producción y la de alimentos no deben competir por el uso de la tierra. El género Brassica aparece como promisorio para la producción de biocombustibles, en zonas marginales. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar la adaptación de tres especies de Brassicas cultivadas en un ambiente semiárido, con énfasis en la cantidad y calidad de aceite, para la producción de biodiesel. El ensayo se llevo a cabo en la región central de Córdoba, Argentina, durante el años 2008. Se evaluó en número de plantas a cosechas, rendimiento de grano y porcentaje de aceite. Los resultados de este año particularmente seco (207 mm de precipitación durante el ensayo) mostraron un mejor desempeño de B. carinata en la producción de granos y en el contenido de aceite. B. juncea tuvo el mejor desempeño en lo referido a supervivencia de plantas a cosecha.The increased consumption of fuel, increased demand for biodiesel, as a source of clean and renewable energy. Their production and food production should not compete for land use. The genus Brassica appears promising for the production of biofuels in marginal zones. The aim of this paper is to explore the adaptation of three Brassica species grown in a semiarid environment, with emphasis on quantity and quality of oil for biodiesel production. The test took place in the central region of Córdoba, Argentina, during the year 2008. We evaluated the number of plants at harvest, grain yield and oil percentage. The results of this year particularly dry (207 mm rainfall during the test) showed a better performance of B. carinata in grain production and oil content. B. juncea had the best performance in reference to survival plants.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Ensayo comparativo de tres especies del género <i>Brassica</i> con potencial para la producción de biocombustibles en Córdoba, Argentina

El aumento del consumo de hidrocarburos, incrementó la demanda de biodisel, por ser una fuente de energía renovable y no contaminante. Su producción y la de alimentos no deben competir por el uso de la tierra. El género Brassica aparece como promisorio para la producción de biocombustibles, en zonas marginales. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar la adaptación de tres especies de Brassicas cultivadas en un ambiente semiárido, con énfasis en la cantidad y calidad de aceite, para la producción de biodiesel. El ensayo se llevo a cabo en la región central de Córdoba, Argentina, durante el años 2008. Se evaluó en número de plantas a cosechas, rendimiento de grano y porcentaje de aceite. Los resultados de este año particularmente seco (207 mm de precipitación durante el ensayo) mostraron un mejor desempeño de B. carinata en la producción de granos y en el contenido de aceite. B. juncea tuvo el mejor desempeño en lo referido a supervivencia de plantas a cosecha.The increased consumption of fuel, increased demand for biodiesel, as a source of clean and renewable energy. Their production and food production should not compete for land use. The genus Brassica appears promising for the production of biofuels in marginal zones. The aim of this paper is to explore the adaptation of three Brassica species grown in a semiarid environment, with emphasis on quantity and quality of oil for biodiesel production. The test took place in the central region of Córdoba, Argentina, during the year 2008. We evaluated the number of plants at harvest, grain yield and oil percentage. The results of this year particularly dry (207 mm rainfall during the test) showed a better performance of B. carinata in grain production and oil content. B. juncea had the best performance in reference to survival plants.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Ensayo comparativo de tres especies del género <i>Brassica</i> con potencial para la producción de biocombustibles en Córdoba, Argentina

El aumento del consumo de hidrocarburos, incrementó la demanda de biodisel, por ser una fuente de energía renovable y no contaminante. Su producción y la de alimentos no deben competir por el uso de la tierra. El género Brassica aparece como promisorio para la producción de biocombustibles, en zonas marginales. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar la adaptación de tres especies de Brassicas cultivadas en un ambiente semiárido, con énfasis en la cantidad y calidad de aceite, para la producción de biodiesel. El ensayo se llevo a cabo en la región central de Córdoba, Argentina, durante el años 2008. Se evaluó en número de plantas a cosechas, rendimiento de grano y porcentaje de aceite. Los resultados de este año particularmente seco (207 mm de precipitación durante el ensayo) mostraron un mejor desempeño de B. carinata en la producción de granos y en el contenido de aceite. B. juncea tuvo el mejor desempeño en lo referido a supervivencia de plantas a cosecha.The increased consumption of fuel, increased demand for biodiesel, as a source of clean and renewable energy. Their production and food production should not compete for land use. The genus Brassica appears promising for the production of biofuels in marginal zones. The aim of this paper is to explore the adaptation of three Brassica species grown in a semiarid environment, with emphasis on quantity and quality of oil for biodiesel production. The test took place in the central region of Córdoba, Argentina, during the year 2008. We evaluated the number of plants at harvest, grain yield and oil percentage. The results of this year particularly dry (207 mm rainfall during the test) showed a better performance of B. carinata in grain production and oil content. B. juncea had the best performance in reference to survival plants.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Antigenotoxicity and Tumor Growing Inhibition by Leafy Brassica carinata and Sinigrin

Cruciferous vegetables are well known and worldwide consumed due to their health benefits and cancer prevention properties. As a desirable cruciferous plant, Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) and its glucosinolate sinigrin were tested in the in vivo Drosophila melanogaster (SMART) and the in vitro HL60 (human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line) systems. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of plant samples confirmed the presence of sinigrin as principal B. carinata glucosinolate. SMART was performed by feeding D. melanogaster larvae either with different concentrations of plant/compound samples or combining them with hydrogen peroxide (a potent oxidative mutagen) being both antimutagenics. HL60 assays showed the tumoricidal activity of plant samples (IC50 = 0.28 mg·mL−1) and the breakdown products of sinigrin hydrolysis (IC50 = 2.71 μM). Our results enhance the potential of B. carinata as health promoter and chemopreventive in both systems and the leading role of sinigrin in these effects

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Especies de Brassicaceas con posibilidades de cultivo y aprovechamiento en la región mediterránea

Trabajo presentado en el XL Foro INIA de Colaboración Público-Privada (“Nuevas Materias Primas Sostenibles en Alimentación. I ”), celebrado en Madrid el 14 de junio de 2017.N